Which civilization is noted for the invention of gunpowder?

The civilization noted for the invention of gunpowder is the Chinese. In the 9th century, Chinese alchemists discovered gunpowder while experimenting with various substances in the search for immortality. This invention transformed military technology, as it led to the creation of weapons such as bombs and firearms, ultimately changing warfare around the world.

The Chinese not only developed gunpowder but also utilized it effectively in various military applications, especially during the Song Dynasty. Their innovations had a profound impact on both domestic and global military strategies, influencing other cultures and civilizations once the knowledge spread through trade along the Silk Road and other routes.

Other civilizations listed, while notable for their own contributions to technology and warfare, did not develop gunpowder. The Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans had their unique forms of weaponry and strategies but did not innovate gunpowder, which later became a critical component in both Eastern and Western military advancements.