During which conflict did the role of fighter aircraft become prominent?

The role of fighter aircraft became particularly prominent during World War I. This conflict marked the first significant utilization of aircraft in combat, where fighter planes were developed to engage in air-to-air combat and protect ground forces. The appearance of fighters like the Sopwith Camel and the Fokker Dr.I demonstrated how aerial battles could influence the outcome of engagements on the ground.

Although later conflicts like World War II and the Korean War saw advancements and a more extensive use of fighter aircraft, the foundational role and tactics were pioneered during World War I. This era established the importance of air superiority and the need for skilled pilots in fighter planes, setting the stage for the evolution of aerial combat in subsequent wars.